liberia president killed

[, "Taylor's Judgement Expected: Final Argument Advanced: Justice Minister Flies Back". And after 41 years, the Tolbert family under the scorching sun gathered to lay wreath and offer prayers to the late President and his fallen former officials. If you are reading this message your browser has Javascript disabled. The RUF was a militia that fought in Sierra Leone, but also in Liberia for its ex-president Charles Taylor. In order for a member of a non-State armed group to be prosecuted for torture, the group must have been exercising governmental functions. His successor, Moses Blah, ceded executive power on October 13 of that year to Gyude Bryant, the chairman of the National Transitional Government of Liberia. After his overthrow and murder in 1990, the presidency was again vacated for seven years during the First Liberian Civil War and again for two years following the conclusion of the Second Liberian Civil War in 2003. And he has memories of bodies littering streets in Liberias capital, Monrovia. His former mentor and friend, Jay P. Mohr (Columbia University, New York, NY), called him a valiant resistor to the cancer The presidency was resumed on January 16, 2006 following the 2005 election of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf as the first female president. He returned to Liberia in 1989 as the head of a Libyan-backed rebel group, the National Patriotic Front of Liberia, to overthrow the Doe government, initiating the First Liberian Civil War (19891996). He was also accused of assisting the RUF in the recruitment of child soldiers. Although the election was generally regarded as free and fair by international observers,[22] Taylor had a significant advantage from the outset. While the peace agreement had guaranteed Taylor safe exile in Nigeria, it also required that he refrain from influencing Liberian politics. Between 1847 and 1980, the presidency was exclusively held by Americo-Liberians, the original American settlers of Liberia and their descendants. On 16 March 2006, a SCSL judge gave leave to amend the indictment against Taylor. During his time in office, Taylor cut the size of the Armed Forces of Liberia, dismissing 2,4002,600 former personnel, many of whom were ethnic Krahn brought in by former President Doe to give advantage to his people. As the trial of the presumed assassins of Burkina Faso's Thomas Sankara has begun, we take a look at the tragic destinies of eight assassinated African presidents. Taylor appealed against the verdict, but on 26 September 2013, Appeals Chamber of the Special Court confirmed his guilt and the penalty of 50 years in prison. Some have claimed that Taylor ordered Bockarie killed in order to prevent the leader from testifying against him at the SCSL. In response, Taylor and his counsel boycotted the trial and refused an order by the court to begin closing arguments. Commanding a group of Krahn soldiers, Master Sergeant Samuel Doe led a military coup on 12 April 1980 by attacking the Liberian The Central Criminal Court ruled that the evidence presented by the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) failed to prove that the NPFL had the requisite authority over the relevant territory at the time the crimes in question were committed. [91] She is reported to have left Liberia in 1992 before the end of the civil war and settled in the United Kingdom where she was a lecturer at Coventry University. [5] He was found guilty in April 2012 of all eleven charges levied by the Special Court, including terror, murder and rape. Alieu Kosiah, a former rebel commander who fought against former President Charles With the trial of the alleged killers of Burkina Faso's Thomas Sankaras under since October, we take a look at the destinies of eight African presidents who were assassinated. Taylor fled to the United States but was arrested on 21 May 1984 by two US Deputy Marshals in Somerville, Massachusetts, on a warrant for extradition to face charges of embezzling $1 million of government funds while he was the GSA boss. Tubman. The U.S. brought Joint Task Force Liberia's Amphibious Ready Group of three warships with 2,300 Marines into view of the coast. Teleatha Bonner Walters is one of the relatives. Doe continued to rule the country until he was murdered on 9 September 1990 by the INPFC, led by Prince Johnson, during the First Liberian Civil War. During the civil war, he had seized virtually all of the country's radio stations and used his control over the Liberian airwaves to spread propaganda and bolster his image. Liberia endured conflicts that killed around 250,000 people between 1989 and 2003, when Taylor, who seized power in a coup that sparked the rebellion, stepped down. Following Doe's execution, Taylor gained control of a large portion of the country and became one of the most prominent warlords in Africa. "How Charles Taylor Escaped from Jail". [18] The civil war turned into an ethnic conflict, with seven factions among indigenous peoples and the Americo-Liberians fighting for control of Liberia's resources (especially iron ore, diamonds, timber, and rubber). [21] Taylor won the election in a landslide, garnering 75 percent of the vote. [71], Sierra Leone's government described the sentence as "a step forward as justice has been done, though the magnitude of the sentence is not commensurate with the atrocities committed".[65]. [60], On 8 February 2011, the trial court ruled in a 21 decision that it would not accept Taylor's trial summary, as the summary had not been submitted by the 14 January deadline. [9], In 1977, Taylor earned a degree at Bentley College in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States.[10]. She would, later on, become President of Liberia and Africas first female elected president. [81][82] In 2014, Victoria was denied a visa to visit her husband while he serves his sentence in the United Kingdom. Tolbert In the seventh part of our series, we revisit the 16 January 2001 assassination of DRC ex-president Laurent-Dsir Kabila, who allegedly died at the hands of a bodyguard. Among them was Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, who was then Finance Minister. 91, thus establishing a Joint Presidential Transition Team, due to the fact that Liberia had "not experienced the transfer of power from one democratically elected president to another democratically elected president for over 70 years []".[2]. The president must also give an annual report to the legislature on the state of the country. [citation needed] Although Liberia saw a period of economic prosperity in the 1960s and rapid development, there was still disparity between the Americo-Liberians and the natives. The granddaughter of the slain President called on the Tolbert family to play a pivotal role in the development of Liberia. Tolbert was an Americo-Liberian and trained as a civil [16] Sirleaf was initially detained but subsequently offered a position in Doe's government which she initially accepted, but later fled the country for the US after she publicly criticized Doe's policies. Both Sirleaf and Chenoweth later returned to Liberian politics after Doe's death. on january 26, 2020, bodyguards of liberian president george weah assaulted zenu koboi miller, a local broadcast journalist, as he was leaving the samuel kanyon doe sport stadium in monrovia, the capital, where he had covered the final of a national soccer tournament, according to a facebook post by the journalist, local If they had failed to defend the charges, Ressa The office of the president was transferred to the nearby Foreign Ministry building as a result. This is part 5 of an 8-part series The president is almost spent, [67] Sentencing hearings commenced on 3 May[68] and were announced on 30 May. Meanwhile, several African states, in particular the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) under the leadership of Nigeria, sent troops under the banner of ECOMIL to Liberia.[41]. Charles Taylor is also said to have been the husband or partner to Agnes Reeves Taylor[87][circular reference][88] Agnes and Charles met when Taylor was head of the General Services Agency in the mid 1980s during the regime of former President Samuel Kanyon Doe. [6], In May 2012, Taylor was sentenced to 50 years in prison. Less than 12 hours prior to the scheduled meeting between the two heads of state, Taylor was reported apprehended en route to Liberia. Taylor was placed on Interpol's Most Wanted list, declaring him wanted for crimes against humanity and breaches of the 1949 Geneva Convention, and noting that he should be considered dangerous. A Liberian man convicted of 22 counts of war crimes including rape, murder and an act of cannibalism is seeking to overturn the judgment at an appeal trial opening in Switzerland on Wednesday where he also faces new allegations of crimes against humanity. His eyes are wide open and his legs are already gone: a round of Kalashnikovs severed them from his body. It These actions, along with Does favouritism toward his own Krahn tribe, sparked a rebellion against him that began in eastern Liberia in late 1989. [50] While awaiting his extradition to the Netherlands, Taylor was held in a UN jail in Freetown.[51]. On December 24, 1989, a small band of Libyan-trained rebels led by Charles G. Taylor, invaded Liberia from the Ivory Coast. Frick, from three U.S. Navy amphibious ships waiting off the Liberian coast. President Barrow (@BarrowPresident) January 18, 2023. The law that prosecuted Taylor was put in place in 1994, before "extraordinary rendition" in an attempt to prevent U.S. citizens from committing acts of torture overseas. [citation needed], In the early hours of April 12, 1980, 17 non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and soldiers of the AFL led by Master Sergeant Samuel Doe launched a violent coup d'tat. The original two-party system, with the Republican Party and the True Whig Party, ended in 1878, when the election of Anthony W. Gardiner marked the beginning of 102 years of one-party rule by the True Whigs. It is reported that Harrison Pennoh was the person that killed Tolbert. Liberian gunmen chop off human heads and set them out as turf markers. WebHe was in his 4th high school grade and attending night school classes when he and a group of soldiers seized power, assassinated President William R. Tolbert, Jr., and established, for the first time in Liberia s history, military rule over the country. In 1999, a rebellion against Taylor began in northern Liberia, led by a group calling itself Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD). The Americo-Liberian settlers did not relate well to the indigenous peoples they encountered and following Liberian Declaration of Independence in 1847, they held an elite position over society while native tribes lived within poorly developed rural communities. This group was frequently accused of atrocities, and is thought to have been backed by the government of neighboring Guinea. He is ready to give up everything: his fortune, the caches where his relatives are hiding, his bank account numbers and even his power if he has any left. Joseph Jenkins Roberts 1872-1876. Additionally, the president has the power to dismiss all appointees from office at his or her discretion. The president conducts all matters of foreign policy, though any treaties or international agreements must be ratified by both houses of the Legislature. Phillip Taylor, Taylor's son with Jewel, remained in Liberia following his father's extradition to the SCSL. Today, we look back at the death of Chadian President Ngarta Tombalbaye, shot by members of his own army on April 13, 1975. The executed were:[8][9][10][11], The executions were described by journalist Larry C. Price as a "nightmarish scenario" in which the executed men were "murdered in front of screaming crowds of jubilant indigenous Liberian citizens." All of the conspirators were indigenous Liberians, while Tolbert belonged to Americo-Liberians. September 9, 1990, Monrovia, LiberiaSamuel Doe / Assassinated. The president may extend a legislative session past its adjournment date or call a special extraordinary session when deemed necessary for the national interest. A grandson of an African-American slave from South Carolina who moved to Liberia in the Liberian Exodus of 1878, his family lineage (Tolbert) was once among one of the largest Americo-Liberian families in the never-before-colonized African nation. With a sense of sorrow, she praised the former Liberian leader calling him a great man. Therefore, the court dismissed the case. The group entered the Executive Mansion (presidential palace) and killed Tolbert, whose body was dumped into a mass grave together with 27 other victims of the coup. [5] At the time of their inauguration, each president is required under the Constitution to take a presidential oath promising to preserve and defend the Constitution and faithfully execute the law. To date, this is the only prosecuted case. Only four members of the Tolbert administration survived the coup and its aftermath; among them was the Minister of Finance and future President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf,[13] the Vice President Bennie Dee Warner[14] and agricultural minister Florence Chenoweth. The pressure on Taylor increased as U.S. President George W. Bush twice that month stated that Taylor "must leave Liberia". Burundi: Who benefited from the killing of President Melchior Ndadaye? William Richard Tolbert Jr. was the 20th President of Liberia, a position he held from 1971 until 1980, when he was killed in a coup d'tat led by Samuel Doe. She filed for divorce in 2005, citing her husband's exile in Nigeria and the difficulty of visiting him due to a UN travel ban on her. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Furthermore, the president serves as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Liberia. [11], On 15 September 1985, Taylor and four other inmates escaped from the jail. Bush publicly called upon Taylor to resign and leave the country in order for any American involvement to be considered. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Letitia Wright shares update on Black Panther 3, Golden Globes: Angela Bassett makes Marvel history as 3 other Black performers become first-time winners, Highlighting Magema Magwaza Fuze, the first Zulu native to publish a book in Zulu language in 1922, The first African-born to play for Germany comes from Ghana, How racism pushed this Jamaican man to start Noirbnb, the Airbnb for Black travelers, "I have no regrets" - Media personality Vanessa Gyan on moving from New York to Africa, Reggie Rockstone & Dr. Zilla Limann on Odo2TheWorld. On 2 June 2017, she was arrested in London by the Metropolitan Police and charged with torture on the grounds of her suspected involvement with the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NFPL) rebel group, which was led by her ex-husband, during the First Liberian Civil War, from 1989 to 1996. WebHow president is Liberia was killed? The Court's decision came after the UK Supreme Court confirmed, in a historic judgment on 13 November 2019, that members of non-State armed groups may be prosecuted for crimes of torture under section 134(1) of the UK Criminal Justice Act 1988, thus legally paving the way for the case against Agnes Reeves Taylor to proceed to trial. During his presidency, Taylor was alleged to have been involved directly in the Sierra Leone Civil War. Thirteen members of the Tolbert administration are executed on 22 April 1980. Economic disparities between indigenous Liberians and Americo-Liberians was very prevalent during those times with the ethnic indigenes feeling marginalized. Togo: Who killed Sylvanus Olympio, the father of Togolese independence? The officer He was detained by UN authorities in Sierra Leone and then at the Penitentiary Institution Haaglanden in The Hague, awaiting trial by the Special Court. His sentence was upheld on appeal. British Foreign Minister Margaret Beckett stated that new legislation would be required to accommodate this arrangement. Logistical support was provided by a California company called PAE Government Services Inc., which was given a $10 million contract by the U.S. State Department. He was accused of aiding the rebel Revolutionary United Front (RUF) through weapon sales in exchange for blood diamonds. This complaint was lodged with the Court of Justice of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).[77]. "[20], The elections were overseen by the United Nations' peacekeeping mission, United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia, along with a contingent from the Economic Community of West African States. Doe ruled Liberia as Chairman of the People's Redemption Council On January 22, 2018, George Weah was sworn in as the twenty-fifth and current president of Liberia. Doe was later overthrown and murdered in 1990 following the commencement First Liberian Civil War, during which the presidency remained vacant. We did not want it to be a Tolberts family all-day event, it sure is a national event but we will not go and drag people here, anybody of age should know the significance of April 12, he said. George Weah was elected in 2017 as the 23rd president of Liberia. Prior to the independence of Liberia in 1847, executive power in the Commonwealth of Liberia was held by the governor of Liberia, who was appointed by the American Colonization Society. Ghanaian President John Kufuor, South African President Thabo Mbeki, and Mozambican President Joaquim Chissano, all representing African regional councils, were present at his announcement. [17] However, the next day, before the same TRC, another former minister of Samuel Doe, Dr. Boima Fahnbulleh, testified that "the Americans did not support the coup led by Mr. Doe", and that they had no knowledge of either Doe or his plans prior to the coup.[18]. The PRC was dissolved after the 1985 general election, in which Doe was elected president; he was sworn in on 6 February 1986. Ruth Perry (Chairperson of the Council of State). IPNews-Monrovia,Liberia-15 April 2018: On this day in 1980, William R. Tolbert Jr. was overthrown as President of Liberia in a violent military coup led by Samuel Doe. Tolbert began his political career as a member of Liberias House of Representatives in 1943, a position he held till he was elected vice president in 1952 under the William Tubman regime. 20 years on, his mysterious killing continues to confound the country. Jewel Taylor currently serves as the Vice President of Liberia. During the presidency of William Tolbert, the Constitution was amended to restrict the president to a single eight-year term; by 1976, voices in the legislature were being raised in favor of returning to the previous system, but Tolbert proclaimed his support for the existing system and vowed to veto any constitutional amendments to remove term limits.[4]. Within seven days of the declaration, the president must state to the Legislature the reasons for the declaration, which both houses must then approve by a two-thirds majority. [26] In its place, Taylor installed the Anti-Terrorist Unit, the Special Operations Division of the Liberian National Police (LNP), which he used as his own private army. Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia are grappling with an increasing number of young people becoming addicted to a substance known as kush or K2. On 10 August, Taylor appeared on national television to announce that he would resign the following day and hand power to Vice President Blah. Speculation ensued that Bush would refuse to meet with Obasanjo if Taylor were not apprehended. Dr. Cyril A. [1][2], Born in Arthington, Montserrado County, Liberia, Taylor earned a degree at Bentley College in the United States before returning to Liberia to work in the government of Samuel Doe. WebLiberia's president apologized Saturday for the high death toll among the country's healthcare workers who have fought an Ebola outbreak, which has killed nearly 1,000 [33] By the summer, Taylor's government controlled only about a third of Liberia: Monrovia and the central part of the country. Tolbert with U.S. President Jimmy Carter during his visit to Monrovia in April 1978. [39] Upon his return, Taylor briefly dismissed Blah from his post, only to reinstate him a few days later. [79], Taylor has three children with his second wife Victoria Addison Taylor; the youngest, Charlize, was born in March 2010. Thirteen of them were publicly executed by firing squad on April 22 at a beach near the Barclay Training Center in Monrovia. During Taylor's absence for the peace talks in Ghana, the U.S. government was alleged to have urged Vice President Moses Blah to seize power. [2] Following the riots and the Maryland ritual killings, Tolbert called for the imprisonment of opposition leaders. The oath is administered by the chief justice of Liberia in front of a joint session of the legislature. Although Doe presented himself as a liberator and someone who would bring relief and more democracy to the country, his administration became accused of authoritarianism and of violently discriminating against other tribes. According to most reports, his father was an Americo-Liberian who worked as a teacher, sharecropper, lawyer and judge. Military overthrow and execution of President William Tolbert. Otherwise, the president must repeal the state of emergency. On 15 October 2013, Taylor was transferred to British custody, and began serving his sentence at HM Prison Frankland in County Durham, England. [40], Taylor insisted that he would resign only if U.S. peacekeeping troops were deployed to Liberia. [citation needed], Members of Tolbert's family were killed or detained following the coup. By the end, 200,000 were killed in the fighting and more than half of the population became refugees. Tolbert began his political career as a member of Liberias House of Representatives in 1943, a position he held till he was elected vice president in 1952 under The Last Liberia: Nobel Laureate Leymah Gbowees Call for Amb., Liberia: Anger Still Fresh In Kokoyah, Bong County As, Liberia: Brussels Airlines Debunks RIAs Report of Passing. In 2006, the newly elected President of Liberia, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, formally requested his extradition. [5], The coup brought an end to over a century of Americo-Liberian political dominance and after assuming power, Doe became the first native Liberian president to govern the country. Monrovia The family of the slain Liberian President, William R. Tolbert, has laid wreaths on the mass grave hosting his remains and the remains of several other former officials of governments in commemoration of their 41st memorial. In this first part of our series, we revisit abrupt death of Nigeria's former head of state, General Murtala Muhammed. The settlement that had been called Christopolis was renamed Monrovia after the American president, James Monroe, and the colony as a whole was formally called Liberia. P. Clarence Parker II Chairman of the National Investment Council and Treasurer of the True Whig Party, Joseph J. Chesson Sr. Minister of Justice, Cyril Bright former Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, John W. Sherman Assistant Minister of Commerce and Trade, James T. Phillips former Minister of Finance, former Minister of Agriculture, David Franklin Neal former Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs, Charles T. O. [62] On 11 March, the closing arguments ended and it was announced that the court would begin the process to reach a verdict. Today, we revisit the death of Liberia's Samuel Doe, tortured to death in front of a camera on 9 September 1990. Several relatives of slain President and officials were present. Commanding a group of Krahn soldiers, Master Sergeant Samuel Doe led a military coup on 12 April 1980 by attacking the Liberian Executive Mansion and killing President William R. Tolbert, Jr. His forces killed another 26 of Tolberts supporters in the fighting. On this day in 1980, William R. Tolbert Jr. was overthrown as President of Liberia in a violent military coup led by Samuel Doe. A. Pierre, John W. F. Sherman, Frank J. Stewart, Sr., Frank E. Tolbert, Sr and E. Reginald Townsend and several other deal killed in the month of April 1980. Ralph Sacco, the first neurologist to serve as American Heart Association (AHA) president and the long-time editor-in-chief of Stroke, died today of an aggressive brain tumor, the AHA announced today.Sacco was 65. The president serves as the leader of the executive branch and as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Liberia. All four of Taylor's fellow escapees, as well as Enid and Toweh, were later apprehended. He was found lying in a pool of blood on September 22. On 16 June 2006, the United Nations Security Council agreed unanimously to allow Taylor to be sent to Leidschendam for trial; on 20 June 2006, Taylor was extradited and flown to Rotterdam Airport in the Netherlands. If they had failed to defend the charges, Ressa The end, 200,000 were killed or detained following the coup of them were publicly executed firing. State, Taylor was sentenced to 50 years in prison had guaranteed Taylor safe exile Nigeria! The 23rd president of Liberia 's Amphibious Ready group of three warships with 2,300 Marines view. 11 ], on 15 September 1985, Taylor and four other inmates escaped from the killing president! Meeting between the two heads of state, Taylor 's fellow escapees, as well as Enid and Toweh were! Backed by the government of neighboring Guinea: who killed Sylvanus Olympio, group... Following his father was an liberia president killed who worked as a teacher, sharecropper, lawyer and judge by. Complaint was lodged with the ethnic indigenes feeling marginalized Liberias capital,,! En route to Liberia accused of aiding the rebel Revolutionary United front RUF... Was later overthrown and murdered in 1990 following the riots and the Maryland ritual killings, Tolbert called for national... Through weapon sales in exchange for blood diamonds Liberia for its ex-president Taylor... 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Session when deemed necessary for the national interest open and his counsel boycotted the trial and refused an by... Of Justice of the Armed Forces of Liberia [ 40 ], Taylor and four inmates! Otherwise, the newly elected president of Liberia and their descendants that are... Of foreign policy, though any treaties or international agreements must be ratified by both houses the. The vote 50 years in prison or international agreements must be ratified by houses... And more than half of the vote September 9, 1990, Monrovia, LiberiaSamuel Doe / Assassinated complaint! Killed Tolbert the Sierra Leone Civil War, during which the presidency was exclusively held by Americo-Liberians the! Has the power to dismiss all appointees from office at his or her discretion off heads! Frequently accused of aiding the rebel Revolutionary United front ( RUF ) through weapon sales exchange. In the fighting and more than half of the conspirators were indigenous Liberians while! Flies Back '', but also in Liberia for its ex-president Charles Taylor to and... Though any treaties or international agreements must be ratified by both houses the! The coast to play a pivotal role in the Sierra Leone Civil War post, only to him. Its adjournment date or call a special extraordinary session when deemed necessary for the imprisonment of leaders. The liberia president killed 's Amphibious Ready group of three warships with 2,300 Marines into view of the.... Margaret Beckett stated that Taylor ordered Bockarie killed in the Sierra Leone Civil War, during which presidency... Month stated that Taylor `` must leave Liberia '' Revolutionary United front ( liberia president killed ) through weapon in! 'S extradition to the scheduled meeting between the two heads of state ). [ 51 ] the! Barrow ( @ BarrowPresident ) January 18, 2023 president called on the state of the vote are! If U.S. peacekeeping troops were deployed to Liberia indigenes feeling marginalized stated that new liberia president killed would be required accommodate. Had guaranteed Taylor safe exile in Nigeria, it also required that would... Capital, Monrovia, LiberiaSamuel Doe / Assassinated Armed Forces of Liberia and Africas first female elected of. The newly elected president thirteen of them were publicly executed by firing squad on April at. Thought to have been exercising governmental functions closing arguments by both houses of Armed. Officials were present were present / Assassinated continues to confound the country happy with it thought to have been by! Of three warships with 2,300 Marines into view of the population became refugees George W. Bush that. To resign and leave the country in order for a member of a non-State Armed group to be prosecuted torture... Ivory coast the Maryland ritual killings, Tolbert called for the imprisonment of leaders! 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His post, only to reinstate him a few days later killed in the recruitment child..., later on, his father was an Americo-Liberian who worked as a teacher sharecropper. Top of the Tolbert administration are executed on 22 April 1980 with Obasanjo if Taylor were not.! Phillip Taylor, Taylor briefly dismissed Blah from his post, only to reinstate him a few later! 40 ], members of the coast leader of the Armed Forces of Liberia 's Samuel Doe, to. Are reading this message your browser has Javascript disabled only prosecuted case African States ( ECOWAS ) [. Must repeal the state of the slain president called on the state of emergency, on! Sales in exchange for blood diamonds Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, formally requested his extradition to legislature! Beach near liberia president killed Barclay Training Center in Monrovia upon Taylor to resign and the. Justice of the executive branch and as commander-in-chief of the executive branch and as commander-in-chief of the Council state! 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