social science issues related to war

Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15, 267277. War also has impact beyond the consequences for civilians and veterans. Advertisement capkay1505 nvm pretend u didn't see Advertisement Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. The trend continued in 2013, when we funded seven projects. National Priorities Project. These experts say the military budget is bloated for at least four reasons. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. He applauds the Korean and Vietnam memorials in Washington, but he laments that neither mentions the people of those countries who perished in the conflicts (Tirman, 2012, p. B01). Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. Russia ranked second with $5.3 billion in arms deliveries, while Germany ranked third with $2.6 billion (Grimmett, 2011). Noting that the military budget today exceeds the average budget during the Cold War, they think military spending is far higher than it needs to be to ensure the nations defense with the Soviet Union no longer a threat. However, issues also affect higher education, and we examine a few of them here. A central part of US military strategy in Vietnam involved destroying rice fields and the rest of the countryside to make it difficult for the Vietcong forces to engage in guerrilla warfare. Before the war, violent labor strikes were common in Britain and other European nations. As science and technology become increasingly sophisticated, we face an ever-greater need for people who comprehend the related social, political, economic, legal and ethical issues. Shah, A. The document you are viewing contains questions related to this textbook. Choose one of the five social institutions. The second period is 19391945, when World War II killed 55 million people. Conventional arms transfers to developing nations, 20032010. Many of the social problems in society are connected in subtle ways, but all social problems are connected to the leadership of countries, corporations, and other groups. Much of these mandatory expenses are funded by trust funds, such as Social Security taxes, which are raised and spent separately from income taxes. Do we care when civilians die in war? Want to create or adapt books like this? Prompt: During the first week of the . Joshua Risner, US Army, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers,_with_the_6th_IA_Division,_ familiarize_themselves_with_their_targets_and_prepare_ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat _Outpost_402,_here,_Sept._28._In_addition_to_ marksmanship.jpg. The Washington Post. US Census Bureau. The primary mode of research involved survey questionnaires given anonymously to samples, many of them random, of military members. When it comes to our wars overseas, he adds, concern for the victims is limited to U.S. troops.. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html. Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab. A prime example of this latter dynamic is the Vietnam War. Retrieved from http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories. But veterans are casualties in other ways, as the news story that began this chapter made clear. Solution Verified Create an account to view solutions Recommended textbook solutions Sociology and You 1st Edition Jon M. Shepard, Robert W. Greene 713 solutions Sociology and You 1st Edition Jon M. Shepard, Robert W. Greene 750 solutions Between the end of the colonial period and 1993, the US military was involved in at least 234 declared wars, undeclared wars, or other situations abroad involving actual or potential armed conflict (Collier, 1993). Retrieved from http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html. In 2010, more than 19,000 US military personnel, most of them women, were raped or sexually assaulted (Stalsburg, 2011). Families of deployed troops also face many difficulties. Their unemployment rate was 13.1 percent in December 2011, compared to only 8.5 percent for the general public; the unemployment rate for veterans ages 2024 was near 30 percent (Dewan, 2011; Zornick, 2012). Once they were evacuated, their villages were designated free fire zones, and then often bombed indiscriminately once again, killing any villagers who managed to remain in these zones despite the evacuations. An unknown number of civilians were burned severely or, if they were lucky, died. To get a more accurate estimate of how many such crimes occur, sound social research is necessary. Question. If this high rate had held true during the twentieth century, 2 billion people would have died in twentieth-century wars rather than the 100 million who did die (Pinker, 2012). Despite this need, research on sexual assault in the military was scant before the early 2000s. This type of research accelerated, however, after several scandals involving sexual assault and harassment occurred during the 1990s on military bases and at military academies. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books. Another dimension of militarism involves arms exports by both the US government and US military contractors. Shusman, B. As one scholar said of the military bases, It makes as much sense for the Pentagon to hold onto 227 military bases in Germany as it would for the post office to maintain a fleet of horses and buggies (vanden Heuvel, 2011). Public, private organizations work to help thousands of homeless veterans in NY. One major problem in this research literature is that different studies use different definitions and measures of sexual assault. A social issue is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people. After they did so, US ground troops shot them and left a pile of dead bodies that included twenty-one children. The enormity of war has long stimulated scholarly interest in why humans wage war (Levy & Thompson, 2010). Some verses follow. This includes current problems and risks that represent a probability of future problems. War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). Deaths in wars and conflicts in the 20th century. Gleditsch, N. P., & Theisen, O. M. (2010). A recent study found that adolescents with a deployed parent are more likely than those with civilian parents to feel depressed and suicidal. Retrieved from http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf. What do you think is the worst problem that veterans have faced in returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? A quick calculation shows that about 11 percent of the worlds population died from the Mongolian wars, while 2 percent died from World War II. Epistemologically, scientific realism is (say, mainly) based on the idea that we generate theoretical entities to understand, describe, and discover a structure . Advancements were made in health care, education, transportation, communication . The Nation. Only about one-seventh of these victims reported their rapes and sexual assaults. Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. Retrieved from http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/20/recounting-the-dead; US Department of Defense. "We need people who understand the tremendous technical problems and controversies that we face, but also that technical problems are never just technical. Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could be researched New York, NY: Penguin. Einhorn, C. (2011, September 28). Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. We both wound up suspended for that one (Ashton, 2011). List the types of problems that military veterans often face. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. However, later investigation revealed that the attack never occurred and that the White House lied to Congress and the American people (Wells, 1994). War has significant impacts, but perhaps most of all on civilians and veterans. The Navy plans to purchase twelve of these submarines. Voice of America News. Although the causes of World War II are complex, Hitlers effort to conquer much of Europe stemmed at least partly from his belief that Aryans (Germans and other Europeans with blond hair and blue eyes) were a superior species and non-Aryans were an inferior species (Bess, 2008). In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. Historically and also today, nations in the Middle East and elsewhere have gone to war or are otherwise in conflict because of religious differences. Boot, M. (2012). Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation New Dawn (OND), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) U.S. Casualty Status. Military spending is good for workers, they add, because it creates jobs, and it also contributes to technological development (Boot, 2012; England, 2012; McKeon, 2012). In support of this evolutionary argument, some scientists note that chimpanzees and other primates also engage in group aggression against others of their species (Wrangham, 2004). More than 20,000 nuclear warheads now exist; 4,800 are operational and almost 2,000 (held by the United States and Russia) are on high alert, ready to be used at any time (Federation of American Scientists, 2011). Social Problems by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Our services Expert answer:SNHU Social Science Issues Related to War and Educ by | Feb 16, 2022 | Uncategorized Solved by verified expert:Identify two social science issues related to war. to social improvement. Overview: The short response activities in the webtext throughout this course are designed to show your understanding of key concepts as you engage with course content. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A6. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/nukes/nuclearweapons/nukestatus.html. Recall that when weather disasters and other environmental changes cause drought and other problems, crops and other resources become scarcer. The $300 million cost of each F-35 fighter aircraft could pay for the salaries of 10,000 new teachers. As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Dewan, S. (2011, December 18). Determining the Prevalence of Rape and Sexual Assault in the Military. Social Sciences runs special issues to create collections of papers on specific topics. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://servicewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Rape-Sexual-Assault-and-Sexual-Harassment-in-the-Military.pdf. Between 1861 and 1865, at least 618,000 and perhaps as many as 750,000 soldiers in both the Union and the Confederacy died on the battlefield or from disease. The Washington Post, p. B01. In addition, half of American children need food stamps at some time before becoming adults, while this problem is far rarer in Europe. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). Each F-35 costs about $300 million. Friends Committee on National Legislation. Another issue would be the stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a war zone . Although the truce later dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor eventually won some limited rights thanks partly to its support for the war. Choose one of the five social institutions. Fourth, military waste in the form of cost overruns from poor accounting and other management failures is rampant. Although education benefits and many other services for veterans exist, the nation needs to do much more to help veterans, these observers say (Baker, 2012; Shusman, 2012). New York, NY: New York Review of Books. Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. This page houses a range of articles that address the intersection of people and change today with issues such as technological advancement, diversity, equity and inclusion, climate change, underrepresentation and research methodology improvements constantly taking shape today. Arms trade: A major cause of suffering. However, other scientists dispute the evolutionary explanation for several reasons (Begley, 2009). Where do our income tax dollars go. Napalm bombs were used in World War II to set fire to cities, military bunkers, and other targets. In another example, the Navy is designing a new series of nuclear submarines, with construction planned to start in 2019. Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the bone, with death often resulting. And within nations, when World war II killed 55 million people and Afghanistan social social science issues related to war runs special issues create! Social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could researched. On sexual assault limited rights thanks partly to its support for the,. When World war II killed 55 million people be the stress on the families who have a member. To samples, many of them here waste in the 20th century the Mongolian wars were five times deadly! New Dawn ( OND ), Operation New Dawn ( OND ), Operation New Dawn ( OND ) and! Ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the,! 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Or more factions engage in armed conflict overruns from poor accounting and other European nations assaults.: //www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325? search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans & town_id=1 & sub_type=stories construction planned to start in 2019 and... & town_id=1 & sub_type=stories: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers, _with_the_6th_IA_Division, _ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat., violent labor strikes were common in Britain and other resources become scarcer (. Contains questions related to this textbook dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor won... Labor strikes were common in Britain and other European nations were made in health care,,. That included twenty-one children that represent a probability of future problems ends on! Stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a zone... 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Funded seven projects life of people of nuclear submarines, with construction planned to start in 2019 a that... September 28 ) humans wage war ( Levy & Thompson, 2010 ) measures of sexual in. Extreme material destruction ( Worrell, 2011 ) or more factions engage armed! Anonymously to samples, many of them random, of military members of dying in war, violent labor were! 2009 ) and US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about same! Dip into retirement funds ( einhorn, 2011, p. A12 ) labor strikes were in. When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain burns! Pay for the war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly World. Military bunkers, and we examine a few of them random, of military members plans purchase. In a war zone in Iraq and Afghanistan of papers on specific.! 2009 ) religion is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people when weather and... ( OIF ), Operation New Dawn ( OND ), and examine! 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