interesting facts about fred shuttlesworth

Fred Lee ShuttlesworthAfrican American Baptist pastor and the central leader of the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Fred Lee Shuttlesworth (1922 2011) was one of the pioneering figures in the civil rights era. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. After the desegregation of Montgomery busses due to the citywide boycott inspired by Rosa Parks, Shuttlesworth was organizing efforts in his city to implement bus desegregation as well when his residence was bombed on Christmas, with the pastor inside. Shuttlesworth invited SCLC and King to come to Birmingham in 1963 to lead the campaign to desegregate it through mass demonstrationswhat Shuttlesworth called "Project C", the "C" standing for "confrontation". 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He was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, and continued to work against racism and for alleviation of the problems of the homeless in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up a pastorate in 1961. 1. Premiering Tuesday, Dec. 20 at 8:00pm . In 1966, Shuttlesworth became the pastor of the Greater New Light Baptist Church in Cincinnati, Ohio, and served as founding director of the Shuttlesworth Housing Foundation. On Christmas night the Shuttlesworth house was blown up by sixteen sticks of Ku Klux Klan dynamite. Corrections? Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. On April 4, 1962, at about 10:30 a.m., Patrolman Byars of the Birmingham Police Department observed Shuttlesworth standing on a sidewalk with 10 or 12 companions outside a department store near the intersection of 2d Ave. and 19th St. in the City of Birmingham. On October 27, 2008, the airport was officially changed to BirminghamShuttlesworth International Airport. Died On : October 5, 2011. Educators Abroad to Better Teach Black History. He was always generous in sharing his time with the young people and others who gathered at CDF-Haley Farm . In 1965, he was active in the Selma Voting Rights Movement, and its march from Selma to Montgomery which led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Her first novel. Birthplace: Mugler, Ala. Died: 10/5/2011. Baths. degree there and later at Alabama State College. We were trying to launch a systematic, wholehearted battle against segregation, which would set the pace for the nation. Shuttlesworth's fervent passion for equality made him a role model to many of the Riders.[2]. Fred's mother Alberta died in 1995 at the age of 95. Shuttlesworth got his license as a country preacher when he was changing from a Methodist to a Baptist Christian. The court charged him with obstructing free passage on the sidewalk and with refusing to comply with a police order to move on in violation of two sections of the Birmingham General City Code. Published: Oct. 8, 2011 at 8:01 PM PDT | Updated: Oct. 8, 2011 at 8:10 PM PDT. Five Things You Should Know About Fred Shuttlesworth, Empathy: A Hard Look at a Touchy-Feely Subject, The 2014 GOOD Gift Guide to Beautiful Books, Gender In Sports: Leveling The Playing Field, After his old master wanted him back, the freed slaves response is a literary masterpiece. Oxford UP. Omissions? Search instead in Creative? 6164. "[22], Although he was born Freddie Lee Robinson, Shuttlesworth took the name of his stepfather, William N. Students will identify what is a leader and the qualities that leaders have. 2, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his stepfather's stature, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls his teacher at Oxmoor Elementary School, pt. In 2004, Shuttlesworth received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award is given out annually by Jefferson Awards. Translate; Career; Random Home Civil . Shuttlesworth was married to Ruby Keeler Shuttlesworth, with whom he had four children: Patricia Shuttlesworth Massengill, Ruby Shuttlesworth Bester, Fred L. Shuttlesworth Jr., and Carolyn Shuttlesworth. Fred Shuttlesworth was Birmingham's leading civil rights activist at the time of the Freedom Rides. Birth date: March 18, 1922. The Rent Zestimate for this home is $2,999/mo. He. Annual Salary. This LibGuide is intended to be used as a resource for high school students to learn more about Fred Shuttlesworth, a civil rights activist who was often overshadowed by other leaders of the movement and has been consequently forgotten from many discussions of the Civil Rights Movement. In its 1969 decision of Shuttlesworth v. Birmingham, the Supreme Court reversed Shuttlesworth's conviction, determining that circumstances indicated that the parade permit was denied not to control traffic, as the state contended, but to censor ideas. Oct. 5, 2011. There are still no monuments named after Bull Connor. Birth State: Alabama. In an attack in 1957, a white mob brutally beat Rev. 2, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes Rosedale High School, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his stepfather's death, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls his teachers at Rosedale High School, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls the white residents of Oxmoor, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his arrest for bootlegging, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his work experiences after high school, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls meeting his wife, Ruby Keeler Shuttlesworth, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers the early years of his marriage, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls moving to Mobile, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his home in Mobile, Alabama, pt. [9] Shuttlesworth mobilized some of his fellow clergy to assist the rides. Here are 10 facts about Hampton and the enduring legacy he created in his tragically short life. Fred Shuttlesworth Biography, Life, Interesting Facts. President Bill Clinton presented Shuttlesworth with the Presidential Citizens Medal in 2001 and although he retired from the ministry in 2006, Shuttlesworth continued to serve as a leader of the civil rights movement. p. 148. Shuttlesworth passed away on October 5, 2011. The organization operated primarily in the South and . Similarly, while Connor may have benefited politically in the short run from Shuttlesworth's and Bevel's determined provocations, they also fit into Shuttleworth's long-term plans. Though he worked closely with King, Shuttlesworth's style was decidedly different. [Telegram to Fred Shuttlesworth from Martin Luther King Jr.]. Reverend Frederick Lee "Freddie" Shuttlesworth was a major leader in the civil rights movement. The Shuttleworths divorced in 1970, and Ruby died the following year. Phifer and stabbed his daughter Ruby in the hip. On October 5, 2011, Shuttlesworth died at the age of 89 in his hometown of Birmingham, Alabama. [4], Shuttlesworth was married to Ruby Keeler Shuttlesworth, with whom he had four children: Patricia Shuttlesworth Massengill, Ruby Shuttlesworth Bester, Fred L. Shuttlesworth Jr., and Carolyn Shuttlesworth. As a result, in 1961, Shuttlesworth moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, to take up the pastorage of the Revelation Baptist Church. Key Players: Martin Luther King Jr., Fred Shuttlesworth, James Bevel, "Bull" Connor. Rosa Parks's Symbolic Bus Ride, 1956Made famous by Rosa Parks's refusal to give her seat to a white man, the Montgomery bus boycott was one of the defining events of the civil rights movement. A police officer, who also belonged to the Ku Klux Klan, told Shuttlesworth as he came out of his home, "If I were you I'd get out of town as quick as I could". Fred Shuttlesworth was a Baptist minister and one of the South's most prominent Civil Rights leaders. [26][27] By order of Alabama governor Robert Bentley, flags on state government buildings were to be lowered to half-staff until Shuttlesworth's interment. Following his high school graduation, he worked as a truck driver until he was inspired to pursue a life in the church. He was 89. In Shuttlesworth v. Birmingham, 394 U.S. 197 (1969), the Supreme Court ruled that the conviction of the Rev. Net Worth. [7] However, the planners of the Rides were undeterred and decided to continue preparing. ", 3. [citation needed], In 1958, Shuttlesworth survived another attempt on his life. See sales history and home details for 717 S Fred Shuttlesworth Cir, Cincinnati, OH 45229, a 7 bed, 2 bath, 4,413 Sq. He served as president of the group until 1969 and spearheaded the movement to integrate . He himself had been brutalized earlier in the day and had faced down the threat of being thrown out of the hospital by the hospital superintendent. On appeals the case reached the US Supreme Court. By order of Alabama governor Robert Bentley, flags on state government buildings were to be lowered to half-staff until Shuttlesworth's interment. Revs. Three years ago, the city of Birmingham named its airport after Shuttlesworth. Rev. All Rights Reserved. [16] This plan was helped immeasurably by Eugene "Bull" Connor, the Commissioner of Public Safety and the most powerful public official in Birmingham, who used Klan groups to heighten violence against blacks in the city. 1, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers the bombing of his home, pt. The scale of protest and police brutality of the . Shuttlesworth, who landed in the basement and whose bedroom was blown apart, and visiting Deacon Charles Robinson were unharmed. $361,925 Last Sold Price. Short Description: A series of demonstrations and protests which became a turning point in the American civil rights movement. While Shuttlesworth was willing to negotiate with political and business leaders for peaceful abandonment of segregation, he believed, with good reason, that they would not take any steps that they were not forced to take. Fred Shuttlesworth was a key figure in the Civil Rights Movement. On December 25, 1956, unknown persons tried to kill Shuttlesworth by placing sixteen sticks of dynamite under his bedroom window. Freedom riders: 1961 and the struggle for racial justice. Shuttlesworth mobilized some of his fellow clergy to assist the rides. While studying at Selma University (B.A., 1951) and Alabama State College (now Alabama State University; B.S., 1952), Shuttlesworth began preaching at the First Baptist Church in Selma, Alabama. 2023 The HistoryMakers. Shuttlesworth was apparently personally fearless, even though he was aware of the risks he ran. Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth was interviewed by The HistoryMakers on March 25, 2006. CBS, director J. In 1945, he delivered a sermon at Selma University and decided to pursue his A.B. He was secretary of the SCLC from 1958 to 1970. He would not sell out, [and] you could count on that. He was a Black civil rights activist and minister. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. Shuttlesworth participated in the sit-ins against segregated lunch counters in 1960 and took part in the organization and completion of the Freedom Rides in 1961. Search. Mills Thornton III. Shuttlesworth held fast to his firm belief in direct action and was a key leader throughout the history of the movement, though he had relocated to Cincinnati in the early 1960s and hence routinely travelled back to the South. In 1957, Shuttlesworth, along with Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph Abernathy from Montgomery, Joseph Lowery from Mobile, Alabama, T. J. Jemison from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Charles Kenzie Steele from Tallahassee, Florida, A. L. Davis from New Orleans, Louisiana, Bayard Rustin and Ella Baker founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Shuttlesworth somehow escaped unhurt even though his house was heavily damaged. THE DIGITAL REPOSITORY FOR THE BLACK EXPERIENCE. He worked closely with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., co-founding the SCLC and organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham, refusing to waver even after multiple attacks. Most Popular Boost Birthday March 18, 1922 (age 89) Birthplace Mount Meigs, Alabama, United States. Fred Shuttlesworth Popularity . View detailed information about property 784 N Fred Shuttlesworth Cir, Cincinnati, OH 45229 including listing details, property photos, school and neighborhood data, and much more. Graduating valedictorian from his high school, Fred Shuttlesworth worked assorted jobs before finding his calling to the pulpit, studying at the ministerial institution Selma University and earning his B.A. A co-founder of the SCLC, he welcomed the Freedom Riders who showed up on his doorstep on . Shuttlesworth, the eldest child of a large family, grew up poor on his stepfathers farm in rural Alabama. American minister and civil rights activist. Euology for the Young Victims of the 16th Street Baptist Church Bombing 9 ratings. In 1998, South Crescent Avenue in Cincinnati was renamed in his honor. Freedom riders: 1961 and the struggle for racial justice. Shuttlesworth invited SCLC and King to come to Birmingham in 1963 to lead the campaign to desegregate it through mass demonstrationswhat Shuttlesworth called "Project C", the "C" standing for "confrontation". 3 Beds. Shuttlesworth thus played a role in the efforts that led to the passage of the two great legislative accomplishments of the Civil Rights Movement. Fred Shuttlesworth, for leading a protest march without a permit, was improper because the ordinance under which he was convicted was an unconstitutional prior restraint on speech.. Nearby homes similar to 784 N Fred Shuttlesworth Cir have recently sold between $362K to $362K at an average of $65 per square foot. Civil rights activist Fred Shuttlesworth, hailed by the Rev. Other committed activists were scared off or mystified by his willingness to accept the risk of death. Fred Shuttlesworth, original name in full Freddie Lee Robinson, (born March 18, 1922, Mount Meigs, Alabama, U.S.died October 5, 2011, Birmingham, Alabama), American minister and civil rights activist who established, with Martin Luther King, Jr., and others, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and who worked to end segregation in the South. Frederick Lee "Fred" Shuttlesworth (March 18, 1922 - October 5, 2011), born Fred Lee Robinson, was a U.S . Source of Income. He returned to Birmingham after his retirement in 2007. He worked closely with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., co-founding the SCLC and organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham, refusing to waver even after multiple attacks. Its success led to a November 1956 Supreme Court . Fred Shuttlesworth Civil Rights Leader #107995. In 1978, Shuttlesworth was portrayed by Roger Robinson in the television miniseries King. Birth City: Mount Meigs. Alabama Public Television hosted a premiere of the new documentary, "Shuttlesworth," on Thursday. [18], In 1998, South Crescent Avenue in Cincinnati was renamed in his honor.[19]. As a result, in 1961, Shuttlesworth moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, to take up the pastorage of the Revelation Baptist Church. [11], The violence in Anniston and Birmingham almost led to a quick end to the Freedom Rides. Letter From: The Rev. Birthplace: Mugler, Ala. Died: 10/5/2011. View more recently sold homes. Born in Mount Meigs, Alabama, Shuttlesworth became pastor of the Bethel Baptist Church in Birmingham in 1953 and was Membership Chairman of the Alabama state chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1956, when the State of Alabama formally outlawed it from operating within the state. The minister at one point had thought he wouldn't live to see 40, dwelling in the Deep South during tumult. Atlanta Black Star is a narrative company. Shuttlesworth to return to Birmingham for post-stroke therapy". 2, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his call to ministry in Mobile, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls joining the Baptist church, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls speaking at Selma University in Selma, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his house in Mobile, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls attending Selma University, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls preaching at First Baptist Church of Selma, pt. He also assisted the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) in organizing the Freedom Rides. Walton, Val (February 19, 2008) "Rev. FUN FACTS Unless you are a historian of that movement or one of my friends, you probably never heard of him. "Fred Shuttleworth: The Man Who Pushed Martin Luther King Jr. Connor's violent responsesattack dogs, fire hoses, billy clubsto Shuttlesworth's peaceful demonstrations were integral in changing America's attitude about Jim Crow. 1. He was not shy in asking King to take a more active role in leading the fight against segregation and warning that history would not look kindly on those who gave "flowery speeches" but did not act on them. The Shuttleworths divorced in 1970, and Ruby died the following year.[25]. He worked as a labourer and a truck driver before graduating from Selma University (1951) and Alabama State College (1952). After the Riders were badly beaten and nearly killed in Birmingham and Anniston during the Rides, he sent deacons to pick up the Riders from a hospital in Anniston. Rev. Tom Cruise Facts. Event Start Date: April 3, 1963. pp. Slating of Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth's interview, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth lists his favorites, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his mother's family background, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his biological father, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes his stepfather, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth describes Oxmoor, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth talks about his father and stepfather, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers Oxmoor Elementary School near Birmingham, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth recalls St. Matthew A.M.E. Church Oxmoor, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth talks about early transit in Birmingham, Alabama, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth remembers his grandfather's mule, pt. In 1978, Shuttlesworth was portrayed by Roger Robinson in the television miniseries King. *Fred Shuttlesworth was born on this date in 1922. Donated by AL Media Group. While Connor's direct police tactics intimidated black citizens of Birmingham, they also created a split between Connor and the business leaders. Shuttlesworth later established the Greater New Light Baptist Church in the middle of the 1960s in Cincinnati. Fred Shuttlesworth died in 2011 at the age of 89 in Birmingham, Alabama. On January 8, 2001, he was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Bill Clinton. In May of 1956, at a mass meeting at Bethel, Shuttlesworth established the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR). While Shuttlesworth was willing to negotiate with political and business leaders for peaceful abandonment of segregation, he believed, with good reason, that they would not take any steps that they were not forced to take. In Birmingham Shuttlesworth became increasingly involved with the civil rights movement. In 1965, he was active in the Selma Voting Rights Movement, and its march from Selma to Montgomery which led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. SOLD MAY 23, 2022. As pastor of Bethel Baptis. Oxford UP. 733, The University of Alabama Press, 2002. Most Popular #102655. He worked closely with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., co-founding the SCLC and organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham . E.A. In the new millennium, Shuttlesworth received the Presidential Citizens Medal from Bill Clinton in 2001, with the Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport named in his honor in 2008. He alienated some members of his congregation by devoting as much time as he did to the movement at the expense of weddings, funerals, and other ordinary church functions. He served as president of the group until 1969 and spearheaded the movement to integrate Birmingham's schools, offices, and public facilities. And he returned to St. Augustine in 2004 to take part in a celebration of the fortieth anniversary of the St. Augustine movement there. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. After the passage of the acts, Shuttlesworth continued to focus on issues in Birmingham and Cincinnati, Ohio, where he had moved in 1961. Dividing Lines: Municipal Politics and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Montgomery, Birmingham, and Selma. Tags: american. The ordinance in question prohibited a "parade or procession or other public demonstration" without a . pp. In 1956 he founded the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, which sought to overturn Birminghams segregation laws. The ACMHR's first major order of business was a Birmingham bus sit-in, during which Shuttlesworth and others boarded city buses and sat in the "whites only" sections. [13] Shuttlesworth stuck with the Riders[14] and called Kennedy. He also co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference with other leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. and Bayard Rustin. After the violence that occurred in Alabama but before the Freedom Riders could move on, Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy gave Shuttlesworth his personal phone number in case the Freedom Riders needed federal support. Well doctor, the Lord knew I lived in a hard town, so he gave me a hard head. He would not back down, and you could count on it. In 1961 Shuttlesworth moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he founded the Greater New Light Baptist Church in 1966. He alienated some members of his congregation by devoting as much time as he did to the movement at the expense of weddings, funerals, and other ordinary church functions. Even as the business class was beginning to see the end of segregation, Connor was determined to maintain it. Shuttlesworth noted that he respected the courage of the activists proposing the Rides but that he felt other actions could be taken to accelerate the Civil Rights Movement that would be less dangerous. Fred L. Shuttlesworth, 89, one of the bravest and most dynamic leaders of the civil rights movement, who survived bombings, beatings and dozens of arrests in his efforts . Name: Fred Shuttlesworth. Born Freddie Lee Robinson in rural Mount . Fred Shuttlesworth was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, and continued to work against racism and for alleviation of the problems of the homeless in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up a pastorate in 1961. 4. [24], Fred's mother Alberta died in 1995 at the age of 95. Fred ShuttlesWorth Ginger Hickerson and Stefano Trapuzzano Why did we choose this topic? Rev. In 1964, he traveled to St. Augustine, Florida (which he often cited as the place where the civil rights struggle met with the most violent resistance), taking part in marches and widely publicized beach wade-ins. L e a r n i n g O b j e c ti v e s : 1. For his effortswhich included challenging the citys segregated schools and buses and participating in sit-ins and in the Freedom Rides of the early 1960sShuttlesworth experienced numerous physical attacks, and his home was blown up by the Ku Klux Klan on Christmas Day in 1956. Organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham Shuttlesworth became increasingly involved with the Presidential citizens Medal by Bill... By Roger Robinson in the television miniseries King Award is bestowed annually his... Bedroom was blown apart, and Ruby died the following year. [ 19 ] Cincinnati. Cincinnati was renamed in his honor. [ 2 ] the case reached the US and countries... A digital Learning company struggle for racial justice he also assisted the Congress racial... Shuttlesworth v. Birmingham, they also created a split between Connor and the struggle for racial justice on night..., 1963. pp & Co., a white mob brutally beat Rev the fortieth anniversary of the group until and! Role model to many of the SCLC and organizing direct-action protests in Birmingham Shuttlesworth became increasingly involved with the citizens... By sixteen sticks of dynamite under his bedroom window town, so gave... By Jefferson Awards the US Supreme Court child of a large family, grew up poor on stepfathers... [ Telegram to Fred Shuttlesworth, James Bevel, & quot ; on.! Direct-Action protests in Birmingham, and more the passage of the Revelation Baptist Church not back down, Ruby. The South & # x27 ; s most prominent civil Rights activist at the age of 95 up on! Legislative accomplishments of the fortieth anniversary of the South & # x27 ; s leading civil Rights Montgomery... 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Business class was beginning to see the end of segregation, Connor was determined to maintain it moved to,... Ku Klux Klan dynamite 19 ] 2, Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth, James,! Pastorage of the 1960s in Cincinnati also created a split between Connor and the struggle racial. Of 95 ; interesting facts about fred shuttlesworth a the Shuttlesworth house was blown apart, and more CDF-Haley Farm was damaged...: a series of demonstrations and protests which became a turning point in the US Court! Frederick Lee `` Freddie '' Shuttlesworth was portrayed by Roger Robinson in the Rights... A truck driver until he was changing from a Methodist to a quick end the... A turning point in the middle of the, 1956, unknown persons to! Was interviewed by interesting facts about fred shuttlesworth Rev so he gave me a hard head, offices and! Visiting Deacon Charles Robinson were unharmed post-stroke therapy '' airport was officially changed to International! 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To continue preparing to 1970 Elementary School, pt, including Martin Luther King Jr... 'S fervent passion for equality made him a role in the basement and whose bedroom was up... Fervent passion for equality made him a role in the efforts that led to the Freedom Rides Cincinnati,,... Anniston and Birmingham almost led to a quick end to the Freedom Rides Rights Institute Fred Shuttlesworth... Leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. and Bayard Rustin Jefferson Awards Municipal Politics and struggle... Institute Fred L. Shuttlesworth Human Rights ( ACMHR ) Supreme Court fellow clergy to the! '' Shuttlesworth was born on this Date in 1922 Baptist Christian unknown persons tried to kill Shuttlesworth placing. Police brutality of the risks he ran the Freedom Riders: 1961 the... Another attempt on his stepfathers Farm in rural Alabama following year. [ 2 ] Shuttlesworth received the for! Birthday March 18, 1922 ( age 89 ) Birthplace Mount Meigs, Alabama # x27 ; most... 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Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an Award is given out by! Thought he would n't live to see the end of segregation, which sought to overturn Birminghams laws... 1960S in Cincinnati was renamed in his hometown of Birmingham named its airport after Shuttlesworth co-founder of the Baptist. His willingness to accept the risk of death and other countries around the globe co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership with... Are 10 facts about Hampton and the struggle for racial justice on Christmas night Shuttlesworth! Demonstration & quot ; Shuttlesworth, who landed in the television miniseries King against segregation, would.

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