birgenair flight 301 passengers list

It is widely used to determine the airspeed of aircraft; the water speed of boats; and the flow velocity of liquids, air, and gases in industry. [11] At 23:47 AST, the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) sounded an audible warning, and eight seconds later the plane crashed into the Atlantic Ocean. It was leased again by the same lessor in July 1993 to Birgenair and then sub-leased to International Caribbean Airways in December 1994, and Birgenair operated the airliner until it crashed. The first officer was Aykut Gergin (34). The FAA research had also revealed that the situation also led to multiple other contradictory warning sounds and warning lights that increased the demands on the pilot to fly the plane. The aircraft had been sitting unused for 20 days, and without pitot tube covers in place for the preceding 2 days before the crash. As the plane was climbing through 4,700 feet (1,400m), the captain's ASI read 350 knots (650km/h; 400mph). Several commercial airline disasters have been traced to a failure of the pitot-static system. When the first circuit breaker was checked, the overspeed warning appeared, as the captains ASI, the primary source of the information about airspeed for autopilot, was showing airspeed near 350 knots (650km/h; 400mph) and increasing. At 2,500 feet (760m), the flight switched to main air traffic control and was instructed to climb to flight level 280 (28,000ft or 8,500m). The FAA research had also revealed that the situation also led to multiple other contradictory warning sounds and warning lights that increased the demands on the pilot to fly the plane. [4], The aircraft was a 11-year-old Boeing 757-225 originally delivered to Eastern Air Lines in February 1985 and registered as N516EA. [7] The investigation concluded that one of the three pitot tubes, used to measure airspeed, was blocked. The aircraft was leased due to a problem on the scheduled aircraft for the flight. On 6 February 1996, the 757-200 operating the route crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata's Gregorio Lupern International Airport. Its charter flights between the Dominican Republic and Germany began a week later. The pilot's choice to go against protocol and execute takeoff despite his ASI clearly disagreeing with the co-pilot's ASI has resulted in protocols and training being further reinforced following this incident. However, the company filed for bankruptcy later that year. An explosion blows a hole in the cabin of a DC-10, and investigators discover a design flaw in the plane's rear cargo door and recommend ways to fix . Brisbane airport hosts 31 airlines, a Royal Flying Doctor Service base and one distinctive species of insect. Investigations later showed that the plane was actually travelling at 220 knots (410km/h; 250mph) at the time of the accident. 1996 plane crash off the coast of the Dominican Republic. List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft, "Rescuers call off search in plane crash", "German Tourist Plane Crashes; 189 Feared Dead", "Birgenair TC-GEN (Boeing 757 - MSN 22206) (Ex 8P-GUL C-FNXN N516EA N7079S)", "Reporte Final Accidente Aereo Birgenair, Vuelo ALW-301, Febrero 06,1996", "Dominican Jet Crashes in Sea; 189 Feared Dead", "Bonn grounds 757 as crash mystery grows", "Erroneous airspeed indications cited in Boeing 757 control loss", Pre-crash photos of the 757 carrying Flight 301 on Airliners.Net, FINAL AVIATION ACCIDENT REPORT BIRGENAIR FLIGHT ALW-301 PUERTO PLATA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC FEBRUARY 6, 1996. The co-pilot's indicator seemed to work fine. "Birgenair Comments" (PDF). Aircraft upset is a dangerous condition in aircraft operations in which the flight attitude or airspeed of an aircraft is outside the normal bounds of operation for which it is designed. The ASI measures the pressure differential between static pressure from the static port, and total pressure from the pitot tube. Meanwhile, the controller, still unaware of any problems, called the flight, but, as the crew struggled with problems, the first officer said "Standby". He had 3,500 hours of flying experience, though only 71 hours were on the Boeing 757. On 6 February 1996, the 757-200 operating the route crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata's Gregorio Lupern International Airport. According to final report, section 2.3 - "Aircraft maintenance factors", the aircraft had not flown in 20 days, however, this was not the period in which pitots remained uncovered, but enough to giving the wasps an opportunity to build nests in the tubes. On October 2, 1996, the Boeing 757-23A aircraft flying the final leg of the flight crashed, killing all 70 people aboard. Furthermore, Flight 301 is the deadliest aviation accident ever to have occurred in the Dominican Republic. Eight seconds later the aircraft struck the ocean. The aircraft was a fully. [11] The black box, data recorder pointed to error by the captain, because instead of measuring the air speed through one of the working air speed indicators he continued to use the faulty indicator and did not return to the airport. [3] The cause was pilot error after receiving incorrect airspeed information from one of the pitot tubes, which investigators believe was blocked by a wasp nest built inside it. Flight 301 shares the title of deadliest aviation crash involving a Boeing 757 alongside American Airlines Flight 77, both having 189 total fatalities. The cause was . [16]. Birgenair Flight 301 was a flight chartered by Turkish-managed Birgenair partner Alas Nacionales from Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic to Frankfurt, Germany, via Gander, Canada, and Berlin, Germany. Adam Air Flight 574 (KI574 or DHI574) was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by Adam Air between the Indonesian cities of Surabaya and Manado that crashed into the Makassar Strait near Polewali in Sulawesi on 1 January 2007. American Airlines Flight 965 was a regularly scheduled flight from Miami International Airport in Miami, Florida, to Alfonso Bonilla Aragn International Airport in Cali, Colombia. Walters, James M. and Robert L. Sumwalt III. The aircraft had not flown in 25 days during which time the pitot tubes were not covered, giving the wasps an opportunity to build nests in the tubes. All 176 passengers and 13 crew members died on impact. Clips Episodes Season 21 Holding Pattern Flydubai Flight 981 nosedives into the runway at Russia&x27;s Rostov airport. In April 1992, the fleet was expanded with a . Birgenair Flight 301 was a flight chartered by Turkish-managed Birgenair partner Alas Nacionales from Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic to Frankfurt, Germany, via Gander, Canada, and Berlin, Germany. None of the pitot tubes were recovered so investigators were unable to determine for certain what caused the blockage. After checking their circuit breakers for the source of the warnings, the crew then reduced thrust to lower the speed. Their original plane had technical problems, and the airline, Alas Nacionales, had to look for a back-up airplane. Birgenair 301 CVR Transcript 6 February 1996 - Birgenair 301 Birgenair Flight ALW 301, a B757-225 with registration TC-GEN, departed Puerto Plata for a charter flight to Frankfurt via Gander and Berlin at 23.42h LT. At 80kts on take-off the captain found out that his ASI wasn't working properly. He had 3,500 hours of flying experience, though only 71 hours were on the Boeing 757. He had 3,500 hours of flying experience. Birgenair puts in check the Boeing's 757 Maintenance Manual, regarding to the period in which the pitots can stay uncovered: "Despite these irritating and even conflicting procedures set forth in Boeing's 757 Maintenance Manual and the Maintenance Planning Document, a blockage of the pitot-tube might occur even within any period of stay on the ground should therefore be clearly required for all periods of stay on the ground.". None of the pitot tubes were recovered so investigators were unable to determine for certain what caused the blockage. more.Episode 4. It's a race against time to dump fuel and land. The first officer was Aykut Gergin (34). All 74 passengers and crew died upon impact. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Friday 30 September at 1052 CAT Cockpit Killer (Season 19) Synopsis Air Crash Investigation uncovers the truth behind aviation disasters. Flight 301 shares the title of deadliest aviation crash involving a Boeing 757 alongside American Airlines Flight 77, both having 189 total fatalities. The first officer's ASI was giving a correct reading of 200 knots (370km/h; 230mph) and was still decreasing. The prime suspect is a species called the black and yellow mud dauber wasp, well-known by pilots flying in the Dominican Republic. Of its 13 crew members, 11 were Turkish, with the remaining two being Dominican. The crew's failure to recognize the activation of the stick shaker as a warning of imminent entrance to the stall, and the failure of the crew to execute the procedures for recovery from the onset of loss of control. No tubes were recovered so investigators were unable to determine for certain what caused the blockage. [2] [8] Most of the passengers had booked Caribbean package holidays with ger Tours; Birgenair held 10% of ger Tours. [7]:20[13][14] According to Cetin Birgen, president and CEO of Birgenair, the pitot covers were removed two days before the accident in order to conduct an engine test run. At least 12 people were injured, At least 37 killed in Turkish cargo plane crash in Kyrgyzstan, Russian military plane carrying 92 on board, including famed army band, crashes into Black Sea, Russian ambassador to Turkey Andrei Karlov killed in Ankara, Passenger plane crashes while landing in Russia, Uz Zviedrijas un Norvijas robeas notikusi pasta lidmanas aviokatastrofa. The first officer's ASI was giving a correct reading of 200 knots (370km/h; 230mph) and was still decreasing. Also, the autopilot disengaged. Retrieved 27 August 2014. There were no survivors. Februar 1996 bei Puerto Plata, Views of the memorial and list of victims' names, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birgenair_Flight_301&oldid=1133880323, The events of Flight 301 were featured in "Mixed Signals", a, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 23:51. The crash and ensuing negative publicity both contributed to Birgenair's bankruptcy. The crew consisted of 11 Turks and 2 Dominicans. The FAA asked Boeing to change some of those warnings, as well as add a new warning to tell both pilots that their instruments disagree, add the ability for the pilots to silence troublesome alarms, and to modify the system so that the pilots can choose which pitot tube the autopilot uses for airspeed readings. Total 176 13 189. TC-GEN, the aircraft involved, seen in 1994. It was surpassed by Birgenair Flight 301 which crashed on 6 February, 1996 with 189 fatalities. The captain was Ahmet Erdem (61), with 24,750 flight hours of experience (including 1,875 hours on the Boeing 757). JP airline-fleets international, Edition 90/91, Leisure Airlines of Europe, K. Vomhof, 2001, JP airline-fleets international, Edition 93/94, JP airline-fleets international, Edition 94/95, Learn how and when to remove this template message, 60 Flight International. [11] At 23:47 AST, the Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) sounded an audible warning, and eight seconds later the plane crashed into the Atlantic Ocean. This action immediately triggered the 757's stick-shaker stall alert, warning the confused pilots that the aircraft was flying dangerously slow. A pitottube measures fluid flow velocity. After Eastern Air Lines's bankruptcy and subsequent liquidation in 1991, the aircraft was stored at the Mojave Air and Space Port for more than a year. Investigators believe that the most likely culprit was the black and yellow mud dauber (Sceliphron caementarium), a type of solitary sphecid wasp well known to Dominican pilots, which makes a cylindrical nest out of mud and tends to establish a nest in artificial, cylindrical structures. He had 15,000 flight hours of experience (with 121 of them on the Boeing 757). All 176 passengers and 13 crew members died on impact. [7]:20[15], The investigation noted a number of other factors and suggested changes. It was the deadliest air disaster involving a U.S. carrier since the downing of Pan Am Flight 103 on December 21, 1988. This action immediately triggered the 757's stick-shaker stall alert, warning the confused pilots that the aircraft was flying dangerously slow. [3] The cause was pilot error after receiving incorrect airspeed information from one of the pitot tubes, which investigators believe was blocked by a wasp nest built inside it. [4], 1996 plane crash off the coast of the Dominican Republic. Air Algrie Flight 5017 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, to Algiers, Algeria, which crashed near Gossi, Mali, on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2014. REPORTE FINAL ACCIDENTE AEREO BIRGENAIR, VUELO ALW-301, FEBRERO 06,1996. Other instruments that might be connected are air data computers, flight data recorders, altitude encoders, cabin pressurization controllers, and various airspeed switches. The co-pilot's indicator seemed to work fine. A pitot-static system generally consists of a pitot tube, a static port, and the pitot-static instruments. a scheduled passenger flight from London Heathrow to Brussels, which crashed in June of 1972 shortly after take-off near the town of Staines, England. File:Birgenair Flight 301 NTSB animation (long version).ogv From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository File File history File usage on Commons File usage on other wikis Metadata No higher resolution available. The crew, probably under the mistaken belief that the aircraft had suffered a double engine flame-out, did not take the necessary actions to recover from the stall. [7] The investigation concluded that one of the three pitot tubes, used to measure airspeed, was blocked. It was powered by two Rolls-Royce RB211-535E4 engines. First officer and relief pilot, aware of the scale of the problem, were suggesting various methods to recover from the stall, but the confused captain ignored all of them. Minutes later fire and complete electrical failure cause the MD11 to crash into the Atlantic killing all 229 passengers and crew on board.Air Crash Investigations searches for the cause of the fire and asks why it spread so destructively so quickly. The Northwest Airlines 727 had been chartered to pick up the Baltimore Colts professional football team in Buffalo in western New York. It was powered by two Rolls-Royce RB211-535E4 engines. [5][6], The crew consisted of 11 Turks and 2 Dominicans. All 13 crew members and 176 passengers were killed. Results from a number of simulations with experienced pilots found that the combination of the overspeed warning horn and underspeed stick shaker while in flight was an overly confusing contradictory set of messages for many pilots; the FAA issued a directive that pilot training would now include a blocked pitot tube scenario. Februar 1996 bei Puerto Plata, "German tourist plane crashes; 189 feared dead", Views of the memorial and list of victims' names. Approximately 10 seconds later, two warnings: rudder ratio and Mach airspeed trim appeared. O Voo Birgenair 301 foi um voo fretado da empresa area turca Birgenair em parceria com a Alas Nacionales, de Puerto Plata na Repblica Dominicana para Frankfurt na Alemanha, via Gander, Canad e Berlim, Alemanha.Em 6 de fevereiro de 1996, um Boeing 757-200 operando a rota caiu logo aps a decolagem do Aeroporto Internacional General Gregorio Lupern de Puerto Plata. Timenote.info, Biedrba, Abinfoserviss 2011-2020, Terms, Phone: +371 67 842135, E-mail: [emailprotected]. Category:Birgenair Flight 301 From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository Object location 19 48 12.9 N, 70 41 43.38 W View all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap There is a discrepancy of 32698 meters between the above coordinates and the ones stored at Wikidata ( 195450N 702420W, precision: 30 m). Flash Airlines Flight 604 was a charter flight provided by Egyptian private charter company Flash Airlines. About 20 seconds before crash, the captain finally attempted to recover from the stall by increasing the plane's thrust to full, but as the aircraft was still in a nose up attitude, the engines were prevented from receiving adequate airflow required to match the increase in thrust. The aircraft had sat unused for some time without the required pitot tube covers in place. According to Birgenair, the aircraft "was not on the ground for 20 days, but only for 12 days prior ill-fated flight. "Birgenair Comments" (PDF). June 1997. pp. "Reporte Final Accidente Aereo Birgenair, Vuelo ALW-301, Febrero 06,1996" [Final Report of the Birgenair Air Crash, Flight ALW-301, 6 February 1996] (PDF) (in Spanish). Boeing's 747 airplane was the largest commercial jet in the world during the third quarter of the 20th century. Also, the autopilot disengaged. Furthermore, Flight 301 is the deadliest aviation accident ever to have occurred in the Dominican Republic. It was powered by two Rolls-Royce RB211-535E4 engines. "Reporte Final Accidente Aereo Birgenair, Vuelo ALW-301, Febrero 06,1996" [Final Report of the Birgenair Air Crash, Flight ALW-301, 6 February 1996] (PDF) (in Spanish). This may result in the loss of control (LOC) of the aircraft, and sometimes the total loss of the aircraft itself. "Birgenair Comments" (PDF). Then, the captain assumed that both ASI are wrong, and decided to check circuit breakers. [3] The cause was pilot error after receiving incorrect airspeed information from one of the pitot tubes, which investigators believe was blocked by a wasp nest built inside it. While the plane was climbing through 4,700 feet (1,400m), the captain's airspeed indicator read 350 knots (650km/h). 2011-07-25T02:00:00Z 1x09 Fatal Distraction. About 20 seconds before crash, the captain finally attempted to recover from the stall by increasing the plane's thrust to full, but as the aircraft was still in a nose up attitude, the engines were prevented from receiving adequate airflow required to match the increase in thrust. The aircraft took off normally at 23:42 AST, for the first leg of the flight. The aircraft operating the flight bore the registration TC-GEN, and was 11 years old at the time. During takeoff roll at 23:42 AST (03:42 UTC),[7]:1 the captain found that his airspeed indicator (ASI) was malfunctioning but he chose not to abort the takeoff. On February 6, 1996, the 757-200 operating the route crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata's Gregorio Lupern International Airport. Investigators believe that the most likely culprit was the black and yellow mud dauber (Sceliphron caementarium), a type of solitary sphecid wasp well known to Dominican pilots, which makes a cylindrical nest out of mud and tends to establish a nest in artificial, cylindrical structures. List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft, "Rescuers call off search in plane crash", "German Tourist Plane Crashes; 189 Feared Dead", "Birgenair TC-GEN (Boeing 757 - MSN 22206) (Ex 8P-GUL C-FNXN N516EA N7079S)", "Reporte Final Accidente Aereo Birgenair, Vuelo ALW-301, Febrero 06,1996", "Dominican Jet Crashes in Sea; 189 Feared Dead", "Bonn grounds 757 as crash mystery grows", "Erroneous airspeed indications cited in Boeing 757 control loss", Pre-crash photos of the 757 carrying Flight 301 on Airliners.Net, FINAL AVIATION ACCIDENT REPORT BIRGENAIR FLIGHT ALW-301 PUERTO PLATA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC FEBRUARY 6, 1996. Then, the second circuit breaker was pulled to silence the warning. Birgenair Flight 301 (Q435223) 1996 aviation accident in the Dominican Republic edit Statements instance of aviation accident 0 references image Birgenair tcgen.jpg 850 562; 87 KB 1 reference video Birgenair Flight 301 NTSB animation (long version).ogv 5 min 15 s, 750 600; 77.04 MB 0 references country Dominican Republic 0 references location The co-pilot's ASI read 200 knots (370km/h) and decreasing, yet the aircraft started to give multiple contradictory warnings that it was flying too fast, including rudder ratio, Mach airspeed, and overspeed lights and sounds. [3], Over the years, Birgenair operated the following aircraft types:[7], On February 6, 1996, Birgenair Flight 301 was bound for Frankfurt, Germany but crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata Airport in the Dominican Republic into Atlantic Ocean 26 kilometres off-shore. When the first circuit breaker was checked, the overspeed warning appeared, as the captains ASI, the primary source of the information about airspeed for autopilot, was showing airspeed near 350 knots (650km/h; 400mph) and increasing. Moments later, the plane inverted. After the flight voice recorder revealed that the co-pilot and a third pilot on the flight deck had made relatively subtle suggestions to the pilot - once the stick-shaker warning commenced - that he must deal with the fact that the plane was still in a speed-draining nose-up attitude, protocols and training were reinforced to establish a greater willingness of junior flight-deck staff to be more forceful in similar situations. Archivio storico Aerohabitat CentroStudi; Archivio storico Airmanshiponline; HOT NEWS; Aeroporti; Impatto acustico; Impatto atmosferico - ambientale; Impatto volatili - Birdstrike I was a Boeing 747SR-46, built in late 1973 and delivered to Japan Airlines in January 1974. We would be grateful if you would support our work by recording your loved ones, preserving their memory for future generations. Later the same year (1996), Aeroper Flight 603, also involving a 757, suffered from a similar but far more difficult situation (static ports blocked by tape, rendering all airspeed indicators and pressure altimeters unusable) and crashed in the ocean off Peru. [2] The aircraft initially came on special charter flights for Turkish guest workers. It was purchased by Aeronautics Leasing in April 1992, and then leased to Canadian airline Nationair in May 1992, and stayed with the airline until its demise the following year. Februar 1996 bei Puerto Plata, Views of the memorial and list of victims' names, TAM Transportes Areos Regionais Flight 402, The events of Flight 301 were featured in "Mixed Signals", a. The Dominican Republic government's General Directorate of Civil Aviation (Spanish: Direccin General de Aeronutica Civil) (DGAC) investigated the accident and determined the probable cause to be:[12]. "Aircraft Accident Analysis: Final Reports." On Februay 6, 1996, 176 passengers and 13 crew members boarded a plane in the Dominican Republic for an overnight flight to Frankfurt, Germany. Follow us on Instagram: @aircrashdailyAccident Description: https://www.instagram.com/p/CZo5OYohHBa/?utm_medium=copy_link . It was found that one of the air speed indicators of the Boeing 757-200 was not working properly due to a mud dauber wasp having made a nest in a pitot tube, confusing the pilots about whether the plane's speed was too fast or too slow. Investigations later showed that the plane was actually travelling at 220 knots (410km/h; 250mph) at the time of the accident. The professed advantage of flight envelope protection systems is that they restrict a pilot's excessive control inputs, whether in surprise reaction to emergencies or otherwise, from translating into excessive flight control surface movements. In addition, Birgenair rented its Boeing 757-200 to the Argentine airline STAF in November 1995 and used it on five flight pairs between the Dominican Republic and Buenos Aires. As the plane was closing to stall, its path became unstable and it started descending. 2011-07-25T02:00:00Z . Passengers and Crew The crew consisted of 11 Turks and 2 Dominicans. Birgenair. Air France Flight 447 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to Paris, France. disconnect the auto-pilot, is autopilot disconnected? [7] :48, The passengers consisted mainly of Germans, along with nine Poles including two Members of the Parliament, Zbigniew Gorzelaczyk of the Democratic Left Alliance, and Marek Wielgus of the Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms (BBWR). Atlas Air Flight 3591 was a scheduled domestic cargo flight under the Amazon Air banner between Miami International Airport and George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston. Birgenair went bankrupt in October of the same year as there were concerns about safety after the accident, causing a decline in passenger numbers. [7]:48, The passengers consisted mainly of Germans, along with nine Poles including two Members of the Parliament, Zbigniew Gorzelaczyk of the Democratic Left Alliance, and Marek Wielgus of the Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms (BBWR). On 3 January 2004, the Boeing 737-300 that was operating the route crashed into the Red Sea shortly after takeoff from Sharm El Sheikh International Airport, killing all 135 passengers, most of whom were French tourists, and all thirteen crew members. Investigators suspected that some kind of insect could have created a nest inside the pitot tube. On February 6, 1996, the 757-200 operating the route crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata's Gregorio Lupern International Airport. Wed, Apr 16, 2008 60 mins. From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia . While climbing through 4700ft the captain's ASI read 350kts (real speed was about 220kts); this resulted in an autopilot/autothrottle reaction to increase the pitch-up attitude and a power reduction in order to lower the airspeed. It was leased again by the same lessor in July 1993 to Birgenair and then sub-leased to International Caribbean Airways in December 1994, and Birgenair operated the airliner until it crashed. The FAA asked Boeing to change some of those warnings, as well as add a new warning to tell both pilots that their instruments disagree, add the ability for the pilots to silence troublesome alarms, and to modify the system so that the pilots can choose which pitot tube the autopilot uses for airspeed readings. 25 October 1996. 80%. 29 March-4 April 1995, "ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. The co-pilot and the relief pilot Muhlis Evrenesolu both seemed to recognise the approaching stall and tried to tell the captain, but did not intervene directly, possibly out of deference to the captain's age and experience. At least 12 people were injured, At least 37 killed in Turkish cargo plane crash in Kyrgyzstan, Russian military plane carrying 92 on board, including famed army band, crashes into Black Sea, Russian ambassador to Turkey Andrei Karlov killed in Ankara, Passenger plane crashes while landing in Russia, Uz Zviedrijas un Norvijas robeas notikusi pasta lidmanas aviokatastrofa. On 6 February 1996, the Boeing 757-225 operating the route crashed shortly after take-off from Puerto Plata's Gregorio Lupern International Airport. Approximately 10 seconds later, two warnings: rudder ratio and Mach airspeed trim appeared. Moments later, the plane inverted. The aircraft had been sitting unused for 20 days, and without pitot tube covers in place for the preceding 2 days before the crash. The autopilot, which was taking its airspeed information from the same equipment that was providing faulty readings to the captain's ASI, increased the pitch-up attitude and reduced power in order to lower the plane's airspeed. Loss of control may be due to excessive altitude for the airplane's weight, turbulent weather, pilot disorientation, or a system failure. When the first circuit breaker was checked, the overspeed warning appeared, as the captains ASI, the primary source of the information about airspeed for autopilot, was showing airspeed near 350 knots (650km/h; 400mph) and increasing. All 102 people on board died, making it the deadliest aviation accident involving a Boeing 737-400.A national investigation was launched into the disaster. [3] On December 20, 1995, the Boeing 757-200 flying this route crashed into a mountain in Buga, Colombia, around 9:40 pm killing 151 of the 155 passengers and all eight crew members. It was made for transatlantic flights, but East-Asian airlines used modified versions for domestic flights. Loss of control may be the result of mechanical failure, external disturbances, aircraft upset conditions, or inappropriate crew actions or responses. The ten-woman flight attendant crew on Flight 401 included: Mercedes Ruiz, Sue Tebbs, Adrienne Hamilton (lead flight attendant), Trudy Smith, Dorothy Warnock, Patricia Ghyssels, Beverly Jean Raposa, Patricia 'Patty' Georgia, Stephanie Stanich, and Sharon Transue. The relief pilot was Muhlis Evrenesolu (51). Passengers: 176: Crew: 13: Fatalities: 189: Survivors: 0: Birgenair Flight 301 was a flight chartered by Turkish-managed Birgenair partner Alas Nacionales from Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic to Frankfurt, Germany, .

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